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February 4th, 2012

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R1: - 2009/04/15 09:31 GMT No, but tenure reforms may be part of a solution to break such traps.
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Re:R1: - 2009/05/06 10:51 GMT Tenure reforms cannot become a part of overcoming such traps, because people occupying slums are most often in non inhabitable lands and tenure security in such places is a shame to human norms of safe habitation.

The reasons for the sustenance of many of the slums in big cities in developing countries, including that of India are social, economical and political.

Urban people find 'the poor folk of slums' as a source of cheap labour (social and economical reasons) and politicians consider them as vote banks.

Actually local politicians support them to settle in places where the municipal or other inhabitation norms cannot permit them to settle at such places.

These political supports, just for exploiting the helpless for 'vote' and labour is one of the reason for existence of slums.

My experiece with the slum society is that most of the slum dwellers are either the landless agricultural labourers of rural areas or people with marginal lands (having no capital at hands)cultivating solely on the mercy of climate (having no amenities for cultivation when climate fails).

Such utterly poor people migrate to the cities as 'beggars', and occupy street sides or other 'no mans-land' and search food and labour. Gradually such massive settlements of 'refugees' become a slum.

Urban rich and the middle class who have no social commitment, exploit them for cheap labour; local politicians use their influence to keep them under their control as a strong 'vote bank'. Most of the authorities are confused to do right actions at right time.

In these situations, tenure security in non inhabitable places of residence cannot be a solution to the problems of slums.

In my opinion, strong national or international norms of labour and settlement shall be there to protect them from such exploitations.

1. Strict norms of labour exploitations shall be framed - if urban people are permitted to use labour force only from a registered labour bank,regular income of the poor can be improve and sustained; slums will automatically vanish in the long run.

2. There shall be sufficient 'labour residence - single or family' for the registered labourers in all municipalities where the labour force can register their names as well as come and reside when there are periods of labour demands in the cities.

3. Current slums are to be relocated to inhabitable places using global funds.

4. Free transportation from suburban villages shall be arranged for labourers who want to search and find jobs in the cities.

5. Sufficient international pressure shall be generated to abolish feudal situations in poor nations and all the rural folks shall be provided with a minimum of 10% of an acre for residence and immediate agricultural needs (This experiment got succeeded in the State of Kerala State of India, where slums are now rare and there are negligible natives in the slums)

We must see the problems of slums in its totality; then only we cand find the real and complete solutions to all of them.

Dr Ray
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Re:R1: - 2009/05/06 10:52 GMT

Post edited by: methikalamray, at: 2009/05/06 11:53 GMT
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