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February 7th, 2012

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Land tenure reform - 2009/04/23 15:29 GMT With so much knowledge about the importance of the opportunity to use the land, becomming available on this website, may I ask what are the proposals or reforming the laws concerning the way the land is organized? The poverty which we seek to eliminate is caused not only by a lack of water for agriculture. It is also caused by a lack of opportunity to use the land so that would be farmers become slaves to the present land owners whose control of the use of the land becomes the control of the livelyhood of the population too!

National laws to allow equality of opportunity to use the land are vital if poverty is to be eliminated. This includes access to natural resources such as water too.

By taxing land values it no longer remains worthwhile for the land owner to hold land out of use (for purposes of speculation in its price, or for control of the people who work it). Either he uses it properly and gives some of the rent to the government as a tax, or he sells the land to somebody else who has sufficient respect of the local conditions of labour and land to use the land in a better way for community benefit.

Thus the cause of poverty is bad government as well as poor knowledge as to what to do to eliminate it. The activities of this U.N. habitat organization would be fullfilled if only this simple message were broardcast without so much time and effort being spent on discussion.
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Re:Land tenure reform - 2009/05/05 09:14 GMT Land reform in Nigeria, the most populous country in Africa is the essential tool for the country to attain sustainable development. President Yar Adua told Guardian Newspaper (29/4/09)that he would modernise the country's land reform. In fact,Nigeria's land laws and policies do not need any modernisation but absolute overhaul to reflect the precolonial land policies like those in the Eastern and Western parts of the country as well as the Islam guided land policies of the Sokoto Caliphate in Northern Nigeria. The 1978 land use Act is anti-poor and anti-environment.The land use act prioritises one man - the State Governor. The law is a replica of military dictatorship. But Nigerians knoe for sure that land reform is hard to come by as it needs constitutional reform which is not easy to come by. I think an option for Nigerians especailly those in the predominantly muslim states is to work towards internalisation of islamic land policies at least that might save the neck of environment through concepts like harim (inviolable lands)and hima (protected lands.)
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Re:Land tenure reform - 2009/05/07 05:04 GMT Global advocacy for tenure security in modern days to ensure pro-poor land ownership has a great influence. The shared learning from global stakeholders is creating more pragmatic consensus among practitioners and communities around the world.

But a number of obstacles are still remaining in most developing economies in respect to the productive land reforms such as professional conflict in bureaucracies, lacking of technological capacity building and absence of political commitment and stability.

Most nations can not solve these problems by them selves without the standard international controlling mechanism to be set to achieve MDG in the targeted time frame through strong monitoring in the less developed countries.

Post edited by: mmrajz, at: 2009/05/07 06:08 GMT
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Re:Land tenure reform - 2009/05/12 16:04 GMT I see people talking about how difficult land reform is, but the difficulty is political - Those who hold the land are unwilling to either pay a tax on it or give it up.

The famous progressive lawyer Clarence Darrow began a speech in 1913 with:

"Everybody nowadays is anxious to help do something for the poor, especially they who are on the backs of the poor; they will do anything that is not fundamental. Nobody ever dreams of giving the poor a chance to help themselves."

He ended it with:

"The 'single tax' [on land values] is so simple, so fundamental, and so easy to carry into effect that I have no doubt it will be about the last reform the world will ever get. People in this world are not often logical; in fact, there is never any considerable number of them that are logical. I am pretty sure the people will never get started in the right direction; they will go a long way around."

(The entire essay is in the documents section of the Saving Communities website.)

Anyhow, the difficulty is not in implementing land value tax, but in getting people past the idea that they must use measures that put them in charge of other people's lives.

-ds
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Re:Land tenure reform - 2009/05/14 08:49 GMT It seems we need a paradigm shift. This discussion, uncomfortable as it might be for large landowners, nevertheless remains on comfortable terrain. The 'one tax' argument of the Georgists is fine to address issues on the terrain of a system that is capable of reform. When land shortage is relative and artificial (for example when land for a purpose is strictly controlled by planning instruments) taxation is a useful lever. However, when the land supply issue is an absolute one, taxation is necessary but not sufficient.

The data on land use globally starts to suggest a future in which competition is much sharper than it is currently. This will need a global political solution. In some scenarios traditional and established forms of land ownership become an insurmountable problem and need replacement. The problem that we have today is that the emerging global system seems incapable of addressing the problem set. It looks to short term signals and these impede the development of solutions.

I am no Marxist, but capitalism barely seems relevant in addressing the issues that excite this community.
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Stein Holden

 
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Re:Land tenure reform - 2009/05/15 07:02 GMT Many good suggestions here. May I suggest an diagnostic typology approach to identify whether there is a need for certain types of land reform? We then need to identify the key characteristics that imply both certain problems and certain solutions. E.g. such characteristics may be:
1. Degree of land scarcity overall
2. Skewness of the land distribution
3. Level of tenure security for different land holders
4. Degree of dependence on the land for livelihood (extent of exit options).
5. Whether pro-poor reforms are in the interest of the local and central elite and policy-makers of the country.
6. The extent of environmental degradation taking place and its short-term and long-term consequences.
7. Characteristics of land laws and possibility of law enforcement.
8. The degree of transparency and accountability in administrative systems locally and centrally.

If countries then are grouped based on having similar characteristics, one may look for the best solutions there. Comments on this?
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